Expert consensus on implementation strategy of awake prone positioning for non-intubated patients in China (2023) / 中华危重病急救医学

The awake prone position plays an important role in the treatment of hypoxemia and the improvement of respiratory distress symptoms in non-intubated patients. It is widely used in clinical practice because of its simple operation, safety, and economy. To enable clinical medical staff to scientifically and normatively implement prone position for awake patients without intubation, the committees of consensus formulation, guided by evidence-based methodology and Delphi method, conducted literature search, literature quality evaluation and evidence synthesis around seven topics, including indications and contraindications, evaluation, implementation, monitoring and safety management, termination time, complication prevention and health education of awake prone position. After two rounds of expert letter consultation, Expert consensus on implementation strategy of awake prone positioning for non-intubated patients in China (2023) was formulated, and provide guidance for clinical medical staff.

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation combined with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for diabetic lower extremity vascular disease / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Studies have found that peripheral blood stem cel s can highly differentiate into vascular endothelial cel s to promote blood vessel regeneration, and improve col ateral circulation, thereby achieving satisfactory outcomes in the treatment of limb ischemia. OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical effect in diabetic lower extremity vascular disease patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty combined with autologous peripheral blood stem cel transplantation. METHODS:Fifty patients hospitalized for diabetic lower extremity vascular disease from March in 2011 to December in 2014 were col ected:25 cases underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty as control group;another 25 underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty combined with autologous peripheral blood stem cel transplantation as combination group. At 1, 6, 12 months after surgery, subjective scores of affected limb pain and cold sensation were recorded, additional y, objective indicators, including ankle-brachial index, transcutaneous oxygen partial pressure, and claudication distance were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Ankle-brachial index scores of the two groups were significantly increased, especial y at 1 month after surgery, but decreased at 6, 12 months, and there was a significant difference compared with that before treatment (P0.05). At 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery, both of transcutaneous oxygen partial pressure and claudication distance in the two groups were significantly increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). Furthermore, compared with the control group, these two indicators in the combination group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Within 12-month follow-up, affected limb pain and cold sensation were improved in the two groups, especial y in the combination group. Inevitably, three cases had hypocalcemia during the col ection of peripheral blood stem cel s, and two cases developed fever and 3 cases appeared to have local exudation after surgery. All these symptoms were released by symptomatic treatments, respectively. In conclusion, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty combined with autologous peripheral blood stem cel transplantation for diabetic lower extremity vascular lesions can promote the establishment of affected limb col ateral circulation, to decrease the risk of limb ischemia, which achieves significant outcomes than percutaneous transluminal angioplasty used alone.

Analysis of associations between spleen stiffness and esophageal-gastric varices in patients with HBV- related liver cirrhosis receiving anti-viral treatment / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnosis value of spleen stiffness measurement by transient elastography (FibroScan, FS) for esophageal-gastric varices (EV) in patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis receiving anti-viral treatment. Method Total of 41 patients from Jan 2014 to Dec 2014 diagnosed with HBV-related liver cirrhosis receiving anti-viral treatment were enrolled. All patients were evaluated for spleen and liver stiffness measurement by FS and checked by gastroscopy for diagnosis of EV. Using gastroscopy as the gold standard, the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) were used to evaluate the value of the spleen stiffness and liver stiffness in diagnosis of EV and its degree. Results The spleen and liver FS values in patients were (40.64 ± 25.45) kPa and (20.76 ± 13.21) kPa respectively, and they showed a positive correlation (r = 0.402, P < 0.001). The spleen FS values in patients without EV were significantly lower than those in patients with mild EV and moderate-severe EV (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, they showed significantly lower in patients with mild EV than those in patients with moderate-severe EV too (P < 0.05). The AUROC of spleen FS in patients with EV was 0.863, with sensitivity of 79.4% and specificity of 83.2%. Moreover, the AUROC of spleen FS in patients with moderate-severe EV was 0.924, with sensitivity of 87.9% and specificity of 91.3%. Both of them were much higher than those of liver FS. Conclusion Spleen FS may act as a non-invasive marker to predict EV and its degree in patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis receiving anti-viral treatment.

Aerobic exercise combined with tiotropium inhalation in the treatment of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with pulmonary hypertension / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To observe effect of aerobic exercise combined with inhalation of tiotropium on patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated with pulmonary hypertension.Methods A total of 98 patients with stable COPD and grade Ⅱ or Ⅲ pulmonary function complicated with pulmonary hypertension were recruited.They were divided into an observation group (n =31) and two control groups (n =30 and 37).Patients in control group 1 inhaled shahmette and fluticasone powder,and antibiotics as well as apophlegmatisant were also used in accordance with the demands of the patient's condition.Patients of in control group 2 inhaled tiotropium dry powder and accepted other therapeutic measures equivalent to those of control group1.The patients in the observation group were given aerobic exercise in addition to other therapeutic measures equivalent to those of control group 2.Six-minute walk test distances,pulmonary arterial systolic pressure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test scores were compared after 6 months of treatment,among the groups and against the baseline values before treatment.Results After 6 months of treatment the average 6-minute walk distance,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment score and pulmonary arterial systolic pressure of the observation group were all significantly better than for either of the control groups.Conclusions Inhaling tiotropium dry powder combined with aerobic exercise can reduce pulmonary artery systolic pressure and improve the symptoms as well as the quality of life for patients with stable COPD complicated by pulmonary hypertension.

Bacterial community and function of biological activated carbon filter in drinking water treatment / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>It aims to investigate the changes in composition and structure of bacterial communities developing on biological activated carbon (BAC) particles, and the bacterial functions.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A pilot plant had been in service for 180 days, aiming to develop bacterial communities on activated carbon naturally. After 180 days of operation, the bacterial communities were determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. The study on community composition and the phylogenetic relationships of the organisms was complemented by a sequence analysis of cloned PCR products from 16S rRNA genes. Gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) measurement was used to determine organic chemical composition of inflow and outflow water on the 300th day. TOC and NH(4)(+)-N were also tested in this experiment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It showed that the stable bacterial structure did not develop on BAC particles until the 9th month during running time of the BAC filter. The communities were finally dominated by Pseudomonas sp., Ba-cillus sp., Nitrospira sp., and an uncultured bacterium. Stable bacterial communities played an important role in removal of NH(4)(+)-N and total organic carbon (TOC). Results from gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) showed that 36 kinds of chemicals in feed water were eliminated, and concentrations of 5 kinds of chemicals decreased. These chemicals served as nutrients for the dominant bacteria.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The findings from the study suggested that the stability of microbial structure was beneficial for improving NH(4)(+)-N and TOC removal efficiencies. The dominant bacteria had the advantage of biode-grading a wide range of organic chemicals and NH(4)(+)-N.</p>

Isolation and Characterization of Antifungal Endophytic Bacteria from Soybean / 微生物学通报

Endophytic bacteria reside in most healthy plants;it can not be easily influenced by outer environment.Some endophytic bacteria are beneficial to host plants,such as growth promotion,disease prevention and nitrogen fixation etc.Therefore,endophytic bacteria ale the potential microbial fungicides,it may be widely applied.In this study,endophytic bacteria were isolated from soybcan cultivar Hefeng 25 that was a main soybean cultivar in Heilongjiang province,China.The results indicated that the density of endophytic bacteria varied in different tissues of the plant.It was 3.4×103CFU/g in roots,2.8×103CFU/g in leaves,2.9×102 CFU/g in stems and 1.4×102 CFU/g in seeds.The activity of 121strains against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.soybean,caused soybean root rot,were assayed.25.6% of them showed antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum f. sp.soybean.One of them,strain TF28 isolated from soybean roots could inhibit the growth of many fungal pathogens.The inhibitory rates against F. oxysporum from different plant species were 80.2%-96.7%.Based on the morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as the sequence of 16S rRNA,strain TF28 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

Pathogen Distribution and Resistance Analysis among Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and resistance of pathogenic becteria isolated from inpatients with lower respiratory tract infection in Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine during from Aug 2006 to Aug 2007.METHODS All the clinical isolates from sputum were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS There were 211(79.8%) strains of Gram-negative bacilli,40(15.2%) strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 12(6%) strains of fungi.The most important Gram-negative pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae.Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli.Strains of Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to imipenem,cefoperzone/sulbactam and amikacin,strains of Gram-positive pathogens were susceptible to vancomycin,nitrofurantoin,cefazolin and imipenem.CONCLUSIONS Gram-negative bacilli are the major pathogens in lower respiratory tract infection in Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine and the dominant is conditional pathogen.Rational use of antibiotics is important for the containment of bacterial resistance.

Antioxidation of Chondrus yendoi and its protective effect on mitochondria / 中国海洋药物

Objective To investigate if Chondrus yendoi decoction(CYD) and polysaccharide(CYP) have the effects of scavenging superoxide anion(O?—2),antioxidation,protecting mitochondria from damage.Methods Lipid peroxidation and swelling of mouse liver and brain mitochondria were induced by Fe2+-L-Cys system in vitro.Superoxide anion was generated by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)-N-methylphenazonium methyl sulfate(PMS)-4-nitrobluetetrazolium chloride(NBT) system.Lipid peroxide malondialdehyde(MDA),mitochondrial swelling and superoxide anion formation were determined by spectrophotometry.Results CYD and CYP could inhibit MDA production,protect mitochondria from swelling,and scavenge O?-2 obviously in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion CYD and CYP had the effects of scavenging O?-2,antioxidation,protecting mitochondria from injury.CYP was the major bioactive component.

The preparation of ketoconazole eye drops / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To extend clinical application scope of ketoconazole, and satisfy the needs of ophthalmologists with mycotic infection. METHODS: Polysorbate 80 was used as solubilization, acidic water dissolent, basic water pH regulator, anhydrous sodium bisufite stabilizer, and ethylparaben preservative. The eye drops were prepared according to the ordinary method of manufacturing. RESULTS: The eye drops have good stability without stimulation to eye. Its quality can by controlled for good curative effect. CONCLUSION: Ketoconazole could be prepared eye drops for clinical application.

Emphasis On the Cultivation of Six Kinds Of Consciousness for Medical Students / 中国医学伦理学

Medical students are the reserves of medical and health service in our country. Strengthening medical students' cultivation and improving their professional quality can play an important role in protecting people's health more efficiently. We must think highly of medical students' duty consciousness, creation consciousness, legal consciousness, problem consciousness, service consciousness and cooperation consciousness.We should enable medical students to have healthy medical professional personality and establish the foundation for the sustainable development of the health care industry of our country.

Detection of Pathogens of Urogenital Infections and Their Drug-resistant Types by a DNA Chip / 中华皮肤科杂志

0.8). Conclusions This DNA chip combined with multiplex PCR is a rapid diagnostic assay with high specificity and sensitivity for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma Urealyticum and their drug-resistance, and may be applied in the diagnosis of urogenital infections.

Field Control Efficiency of a Microbial Seed Dressing Agent of Bacillus Strain on Soybean Fungal Root Rot / 微生物学通报

Soybean fungal root rot diseases are the most serious soybean disease problem in Heilongjiang province. The microbial seed dressing agent comprised of Bacillus strain B29 which showed strong antagonistic ability to the pathogens of Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani were applied to control soybean fungal root rot in field. The control efficiencies of the treatment T3, T4, T5, T6 on soybean fungal root rot after 35-day cultivation were 50.2%, 60.0%, 48.3%, 49.4% respectively, which were better than that of Carbendazim-Carbofuran-Thiram seed coating agent (T2). The second investigation after 50-day cultivation showed the control efficiency of T4 was the best (60.7%), while the control efficiency of T3 was not significantly different from T2. The control efficiencies of T5 and T6 were lower than that of T2. The microbial seed dressing agents were safe to soybean cultivation based on the investigation on seed germination rate, plant height, fresh weight and root nodules. The results based on 2-year demonstrating in field showed that soybean seeds germinating rate was more than 90% after seeds dressing by the microbial seed dressing agents, and the control efficiencies on soybean root rot diseases were 56.3% to 89.1%. It suggested that the microbial seed dressing agents were not only efficient to control soybean root rot diseases but also increased soybean productions.